Pseudomyopia treated with auricular point sticking combined with periocular needle-embedding therapy and prevention of true myopia: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. / è€³ç©´è´´åŽ‹è”åˆçœ¼å‘¨æ¿é’ˆæŠ€æœ¯é¢„é˜²å‡æ€§è¿‘è§†å‘çœŸæ€§è¿‘è§†è¿›å±•ï¼šå¤šä¸­å¿ƒéšæœºå¯¹ç §è¯•éªŒ.

OBJECTIVES: To observe the clinical effect and safety of auricular point sticking combined with periocular needle-embedding therapy for pseudomyopia and prevention of true myopia. METHODS: A total of 269 children with pseudomyopia were randomized into an observation group (134 cases, 2 cases dropped out) and a control group (135 cases, 5 cases dropped out). In the control group, the healthy education was provided. In the observation group, besides the intervention as the control group, the auricular point sticking was delivered at gan (CO12), pi (CO13), xin (CO15) and yan (LO5) on one ear in each treatment, combined with periocular needle-embedding technique at bilateral Cuanzhu (BL 2), Yuyao (EX-HN 4) and Sibai (ST 2). There were 2 weeks of interval after 4 weeks of treatment. One course of treatment was composed of 6 weeks and 2 courses were required. Separately, before treatment, after 6 and 12 weeks of treatment, and after 12 weeks (the 1st follow-up visit) and 24 weeks (the 2nd follow-up visit) of treatment completion, the spherical equivalent (SE), SE progression, axial length (AL) progression, accommodative amplitude (AMP), the score of the TCM symptom and the general symptom were observed in the two groups. The safety and compliance were evaluated in the two groups. RESULTS: After 6 and 12 weeks of treatment, and in the 1st and 2nd follow-up visits, SE increased when compared with that before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), and AMP was larger than that before treatment in the observation group (P<0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, and in the 1st and 2nd follow-up visits, the progression of SE was slower in the observation group compared with that in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.001). After 6 and 12 weeks of treatment, and in the 1st and 2nd follow-up visits, the progression of AL in the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001); and in the 1st and 2nd follow-up visits, AMP of the observation group was larger when compared with that in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.001). After 6 and 12 weeks of treatment, and in the 1st and 2nd follow-up visits, the total scores of TCM symptom and general symptom were reduced in comparison with those before treatment in the observation group (P<0.05); after 6 and 12 weeks of treatment, the total scores of TCM symptom and general symptom were lower than those before treatment in the control group (P<0.05). In the 1st and 2nd follow-up visits, the difference of the total score of TCM symptom and general symptom in the observation group was larger than that of the control group (P<0.05). In the observation group, compared with the control group, the scores for pale/dark complexion in the 1st and 2nd follow-up visits and that for lassitude in the 2nd follow-up visit were lower (P<0.05), the score for poor concentration after 12 weeks of treatment and that for poor sleep and memory in the 2nd follow-up visit were lower (P<0.05). There were no adverse reactions in the two groups. The compliance was 98.5% in the observation group and was 96.3% in the control group, without statistical difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of health education, auricular point sticking combined with periocular needle-embedding therapy can effectively prevent from true myopia, control the increase of SE, delay the growth of AL and improve AMP in children with pseudomyopia. This compound therapeutic regimen can relieve the general symptom and comprehensively prevent from myopia through multiple approaches, with high safety and satisfactory compliance.

Constipation in hospitalized psychiatric patients: An underestimated common phenomenon. Retrospective epidemiological study in an adult psychiatric hospital setting.

OBJECTIVE: Constipation is more common in patients with mental disorders than in the general population. However, its frequency in hospitalized patients, its association with drugs and how teams become aware of it and take care of it are not fully identified. METHOD: The retrospective study included 141 male and 127 female new patients admitted for routine treatment at France's largest psychiatric hospital between November 15 and December 11, 2017. A physician reviewed electronic medical records to diagnose constipation and record variables of interest: socio-demographic factors, diagnosis, drugs prescribed and taken. We calculated an anticholinergic impregnation score (AIS) for each patient by using a validated French scale. Patients were then classified into two groups by state of constipation defined by the physician. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to study the frequency of constipation, factors associated with it and its management. RESULTS: The prevalence of constipation was 38% (95% CI 32-44). Associated factors were taking antipsychotics and the burden of anticholinergic treatment. On multiple regression analysis, the only remaining factor was anticholinergic treatment: AIS≥5 was associated with constipation (odds ratio 1.80 [95% CI 1.07-3.14], P=0.027). Only 44.0% of patients were prescribed a preventive laxative, systematically in half of the cases. Above all, only 11.2% were administered this laxative (i.e., 25% of that prescribed). Digestive transit was poorly recorded in the table of constants (34.7%). We found one case of sub-occlusion as a severe case. CONCLUSION: Constipation is common in psychiatric inpatients. The more the patient is prescribed drugs with a pronounced anticholinergic effect, the greater the risk. Alongside the preventive measures common to all psychiatric patients which must be promoted (concerning diet, physical activity, etc.), polymedication with this type of anticholinergic must be better monitored to prevent complications: prescription and administration of a preventive laxative, monitoring transit in the table of constants. Thus, a better knowledge of the subject and specific training are essential.

Effect of Periodontitis and Periodontal Therapy on Oral and Gut Microbiota.

Mounting evidence indicates that periodontitis-related oral bacteria may contribute to gut microbial dysbiosis. This clinical study aimed to explore the oral-gut microbial signatures associated with periodontitis and to longitudinally evaluate the effect of periodontal treatment on the oral and gut microbial composition. Stool and saliva samples from generalized stage III/IV periodontitis patients (n = 47) were collected and analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing, before and 3 mo after steps I to II of periodontal therapy. Periodontally healthy matched subjects (n = 47) were used as controls. Principal component analysis was carried out to identify oral-gut microbial profiles between periodontitis patients at baseline and healthy subjects; periodontitis samples were longitudinally compared before and after treatment. ß-Diversity of gut microbial profiles of periodontitis patients before treatment significantly differed from healthy controls (P < 0.001). Periodontal therapy was associated with a significant change in gut microbiota (P < 0.001), with post-treatment microbial profiles similar to healthy volunteers. A higher abundance of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Fusobacterium, and Lachnospiraceae was noted in fecal samples of periodontitis patients at baseline compared to healthy controls. In contrast, Lactobacillus was the only genus more abundant in the latter. Additionally, periodontal therapy led to a parallel reduction in the salivary carriage of periodontal pathobionts, as well as gut Bacteroides, Lachnoclostridium, Lachnospiraceae, Oscillospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae, to levels similar to healthy controls. Collectively, discriminating oral-gut microbial signatures of periodontitis were found. Periodontal treatment both mitigated oral dysbiosis and altered gut microbial composition, signifying potential broader implications for gastrointestinal health and disease.

Secrets and lies of host-microbial interactions: MHC restriction and trans-regulation of T cell trafficking conceal the role of microbial agents on the edge between health and multifactorial/complex diseases.

Here we critically discuss data supporting the view that microbial agents (pathogens, pathobionts or commensals alike) play a relevant role in the pathogenesis of multifactorial diseases, but their role is concealed by the rules presiding over T cell antigen recognition and trafficking. These rules make it difficult to associate univocally infectious agents to diseases' pathogenesis using the paradigm developed for canonical infectious diseases. (Cross-)recognition of a variable repertoire of epitopes leads to the possibility that distinct infectious agents can determine the same disease(s). There can be the need for sequential infection/colonization by two or more microorganisms to develop a given disease. Altered spreading of infectious agents can determine an unwanted activation of T cells towards a pro-inflammatory and trafficking phenotype, due to differences in the local microenvironment. Finally, trans-regulation of T cell trafficking allows infectious agents unrelated to the specificity of T cell to modify their homing to target organs, thereby driving flares of disease. The relevant role of microbial agents in largely prevalent diseases provides a conceptual basis for the evaluation of more specific therapeutic approaches, targeted to prevent (vaccine) or cure (antibiotics and/or Biologic Response Modifiers) multifactorial diseases.

Quantitive Assessment of Gustatory Function and Its Association with Demographics, and Systemic Morbidity.

This study aimed to analyze the associations of gustatory dysfunction as measured by validated taste strips with demographics and co-morbidities. This cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed records of patients who attended the Orofacial Chemosensory Center of Hadassah Medical Center between 2017 and 2020. Taste strips were used as a validated method to determine taste dysfunction. A total of 272 subjects were included, 137 (50.4%) women and 135 (49.6%) men, with a mean age of 53.5 ± 19.3 years and age range of 18-98 years. The total taste score among the study population was 8.53 ± 4.03 (scale range 0-16). Age had a significant negative correlation with the total taste score (p = 0.001), and men exhibited worse total (p < 0.001), salty (p = 0.003), and bitter (p < 0.001) scores. Major trauma was associated with worse total (p < 0.001) and specialized taste assessments (sweet (p = 0.001), sour (p = 0.002), salty (p = 0.016), and bitter (p < 0.001)). Chemotherapy was associated with reduced total (p < 0.001), salty (p = 0.003), and bitter (p = 0.001) taste scores. Zinc deficiency exhibited worse salty (p = 0.027) and total (p = 0.038) taste scores. Patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) showed higher salty scores (p = 0.017). Patients who experienced exposure to toxic chemicals exhibited worse salty scores (p = 0.024). We conclude that gustatory dysfunction is associated with older age, male sex, and co-morbidities of major trauma, current chemotherapy, zinc deficiency, BMS, and exposure to toxins. The study highlights the importance of systemic evaluation and quantitive gustatory dysfunction assessment as part of the diagnostic process of patients with subjective complaints of taste disorders.

Periodontitis and risk of cancer: Mechanistic evidence.

This review aims to critically analyze the pathways of interaction and the pathogenic mechanisms linking periodontitis and oral bacteria with the initiation/progression of cancer at different body compartments. A higher risk of head and neck cancer has been consistently associated with periodontitis. This relationship has been explained by the local promotion of dysbiosis, chronic inflammation, immune evasion, and direct (epi)genetic damage to epithelial cells by periodontal pathobionts and their toxins. Epidemiological reports have also studied a possible link between periodontitis and the incidence of other malignancies at distant sites, such as lung, breast, prostate, and digestive tract cancers. Mechanistically, different pathways have been involved, including the induction of a chronic systemic inflammatory state and the spreading of oral pathobionts with carcinogenic potential. Indeed, periodontitis may promote low-grade systemic inflammation and phenotypic changes in the mononuclear cells, leading to the release of free radicals and cytokines, as well as extracellular matrix degradation, which are all mechanisms involved in carcinogenic and metastatic processes. Moreover, the transient hematogenous spill out or micro-aspiration/swallowing of periodontal bacteria and their virulence factors (i.e., lipopolysaccharides, fimbriae), may lead to non-indigenous bacterial colonization of multiple microenvironments. These events may in turn replenish the tumor-associated microbiome and thus influence the molecular hallmarks of cancer. Particularly, specific strains of oral pathobionts (e.g., Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum) may translocate through the hematogenous and enteral routes, being implicated in esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal tumorigenesis through the modulation of the gastrointestinal antitumor immune system (i.e., tumor-infiltrating T cells) and the increased expression of pro-inflammatory/oncogenic genes. Ultimately, the potential influence of common risk factors, relevant comorbidities, and upstream drivers, such as gerovulnerability to multiple diseases, in explaining the relationship cannot be disregarded. The evidence analyzed here emphasizes the possible relevance of periodontitis in cancer initiation/progression and stimulates future research endeavors.

Periodontitis and Metabolic Syndrome: Statistical and Machine Learning Analytics of a Nationwide Study.

This study aimed to analyze the associations between periodontitis and metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and related conditions while controlling for sociodemographics, health behaviors, and caries levels among young and middle-aged adults. We analyzed data from the Dental, Oral, and Medical Epidemiological (DOME) record-based cross-sectional study that combines comprehensive sociodemographic, medical, and dental databases of a nationally representative sample of military personnel. The research consisted of 57,496 records of patients, and the prevalence of periodontitis was 9.79% (5630/57,496). The following parameters retained a significant positive association with subsequent periodontitis multivariate analysis (from the highest to the lowest OR (odds ratio)): brushing teeth (OR = 2.985 (2.739-3.257)), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (OR = 2.188 (1.545-3.105)), cariogenic diet consumption (OR = 1.652 (1.536-1.776)), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (OR = 1.483 (1.171-1.879)), smoking (OR = 1.176 (1.047-1.322)), and age (OR = 1.040 (1.035-1.046)). The following parameters retained a significant negative association (protective effect) with periodontitis in the multivariate analysis (from the highest to the lowest OR): the mean number of decayed teeth (OR = 0.980 (0.970-0.991)); North America as the birth country compared to native Israelis (OR = 0.775 (0.608-0.988)); urban non-Jewish (OR = 0.442 (0.280-0.698)); and urban Jewish (OR = 0.395 (0.251-0.620)) compared to the rural locality of residence. Feature importance analysis using the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) machine learning algorithm with periodontitis as the target variable ranked obesity, OSA, and NAFLD as the most important systemic conditions in the model. We identified a profile of the "patient vulnerable to periodontitis" characterized by older age, rural residency, smoking, brushing teeth, cariogenic diet, comorbidities of obesity, OSA and NAFLD, and fewer untreated decayed teeth. North American-born individuals had a lower prevalence of periodontitis than native Israelis. This study emphasizes the holistic view of the MetS cluster and explores less-investigated MetS-related conditions in the context of periodontitis. A comprehensive assessment of disease risk factors is crucial to target high-risk populations for periodontitis and MetS.

A Weighted Composite of Endodontic Inflammatory Disease is Linked to a First Myocardial Infarction.

PURPOSE: To explore a weighted composite of endodontic inflammatory disease (EID) as a risk factor for suffering a first myocardial infarction (MI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven tooth-specific conditions related to EID were assessed radiographically in 797 patients suffering a first MI and 796 controls. A weighted composite of EID was calculated as the sum of all teeth, excluding third molars. Using maximum likelihood estimation, each condition was assigned a specific weight. With multivariable conditional regression, EID variables, periodontal disease, and missing teeth were assessed as predictors of a first MI. RESULTS: Periodontal disease (OR 1.38; 95% CI 1.13-1.69, p = 0.0016) and missing teeth (OR 1.03; 95% CI 1.002-1.05, p = 0.034) were related to the risk of a first MI, while none of the EID-related conditions individually were. However, when assessed as an aggregate, a weighted composite of EID (OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.23-3.17, p = 0.0050) and periodontal disease (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.09-1.63, p = 0.0046) was associated with the risk of MI. Missing teeth did not remain a statistically significant predictor of MI in the final model. CONCLUSIONS: A weighted composite of EID was associated with the risk of MI and strengthens the evidence for a direct connection between oral inflammatory diseases and cardiovascular disorders.

A experiência da COVID-19 pelo olhar de quem apresentou a doença: um estudo qualitativo / The experience of COVID-19 through the eyes of those who presented the disease: a qualitative study

Conhecer e compreender, por meio do olhar da pessoa que apresentou a COVID-19, como foi ter passado por essa experiência. Pesquisa descritiva exploratória qualitativa. População do estudo composta por indivíduos com diagnóstico de COVID-19encaminhados para tratamento em um centro de reabilitação física. Coleta de dados realizada por meio de um questionário (caracterização) e entrevista semiestruturada. As respostas da entrevista foram analisadas com a Análise do Conteúdo (Bardin).Os participantes relataram uma experiência ruim e difícil, com uma doença desconhecida. Diversos sentimentos foram vivenciados, sendo o medo muito enfatizado. Os entrevistados apresentaram limitações físicas, emocionais e perda da independência. Passaram a se preocupar mais com sua saúde e valorizar mais a família, amigos e profissionais da saúde. É importante a assistência precoce a essa população, disponibilizando meios de informações sobre a doença, atendimento psicoterapêutico e de reabilitação, prevenindo efeitos a longo prazo, que dificultam sua recuperação.

To know and understand, through the eyes of the person who had COVID-19, what it was like to have gone through this experience. Qualitative exploratory descriptive research. Study population composed of individuals diagnosed with COVID-19referred for treatment at a Physical Rehabilitation Center. Data collection performed through a questionnaire (characterization) and semi-structured interview. The interview responses were analyzed using Content Analysis (Bardin). Participants reported a bad and difficult experience with an unknown illness. Several feelings were experienced, fear being very emphasized. Respondents had physical and emotional limitations and loss of independence. They started to worry more about their health and value family, friends, and health professionals. Early assistance to this population is important, providing means of information about the disease, psychotherapeutic and rehabilitation care, preventing long-term effects that hinder their recovery

Exploring the relationship between oral health and multiple health conditions: An outcome-wide approach.

PURPOSE: A growing body of evidence suggests that oral health is associated with a wide range of health outcomes; however, opinions tend to vary because of inconsistent findings. This study aimed to simultaneously examine the association between oral health status and multiple health and well-being indicators using outcome-wide epidemiology. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Oral health status was categorized as: ≥20 teeth, 10-19 teeth with dental prosthesis, 0-9 teeth with prosthesis, 10-19 teeth without prosthesis, and 0-9 teeth without prosthesis. We examined the associations between oral health status in 2013 and 35 health and well-being outcomes in 2019, including physical/cognitive health, psychological distress, subjective health, social well-being, prosocial/altruistic behaviors, and health behaviors, using two databases (n=32,827 and 15,905). RESULTS: Compared to individuals with ≥20 teeth, those with <20 teeth had a 10-33% higher risk of mortality and a 7-10% higher risk of functional disability six years later. Additionally, individuals with fewer than 20 teeth tended to go out less frequently and eat fewer vegetables and fruits. Furthermore, individuals with 0-9 teeth without a prosthesis were more likely to have severe functional disability (risk ratio (RR):1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.05-1.31), engage in fewer intellectual activities (standardized difference: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.10-0.24), and feel more hopeless (RR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04-1.41). CONCLUSIONS: The prevention of tooth loss and prosthodontic treatment may be associated with reduced mortality and functional disability, as well as maintenance of intellectual ability, frequency of going out, and improvements in dietary lifestyle.

Agrotóxicos e adoecimento: visão de mulheres rurais / Pesticides and illness: rural women's view

Objetivo: Compreender como mulheres que vivem e trabalham na agricultura familiar entendem a associação entre uso de agrotóxicos e adoecimento. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo descritivo, realizado com 29 mulheres, em município do sul do Brasil, com dados coletados de janeiro a junho de 2018, através de questionário socioeconômico e entrevista aberta, tratados por meio da análise temática. Resultados: emergiram três unidades temáticas: faz mal, mas não conseguem explicar; causa doenças segundo vivências ou informações advindas de familiares e comunidade; afeta a saúde da população em geral e não só dos trabalhadores rurais. Considerações finais: A diversidade nos entendimentos indica que há oportunidades locais para a discussão do tema por meio da educação em saúde, como estratégia para a promoção da saúde da população rural, a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero. Nesse sentido, deve ser considerada a importância da literacia para a promoção da saúde.(AU)

Objective: To understand how women who live and work in family farming understand the association between pesticide use and illness. Methodology: a descriptive qualitative study, conducted with 29 women in a municipality in southern Brazil, with data collected from January to June 2018, through a socioeconomic questionnaire and an open interview, treated through thematic analysis. Results: three thematic units emerged: it is bad, but they cannot explain it; it causes diseases according to experiences or information from family members and the community; it affects the health of the population in general and not only of rural workers. Final considerations: The diversity of understandings indicates that there are local opportunities to discuss the topic through health education, as a strategy for promoting the health of the rural population, from a gender perspective. In this sense, the importance of literacy for health promotion should be considered.(AU)

Objetivo: Comprender cómo las mujeres que viven y trabajan en la agricultura familiar entienden la asociación entre el uso de plaguicidas y la enfermedad. Metodología: estudio cualitativo descriptivo, realizado con 29 mujeres, en un municipio del sur de Brasil, con datos recogidos de enero a junio de 2018, a través de un cuestionario socioeconómico y entrevista abierta, tratados a través de análisis temático. Resultados: surgieron tres unidades temáticas: es malo, pero no saben explicarlo; causa enfermedades según experiencias o informaciones de familiares y de la comunidad; afecta la salud de la población en general y no sólo de los trabajadores rurales. Consideraciones finales: La diversidad de comprensiones indica que existen oportunidades locales para discutir el tema a través de la educación en salud, como estrategia de promoción de la salud de la población rural, desde una perspectiva de género. En este sentido, se debe considerar la importancia de la alfabetización para la promoción de la salud.(AU)

Just TRAC it! Transitioning Responsibly to Adult Care Using Smart Phone Technology.

PURPOSE: There is little evidence on whether smartphone technology influences transition readiness among adolescents with heart disease. Just TRAC it! is a method of using existing smartphone features (Notes, Calendar, Contacts, Camera) to manage personal health. We evaluated the impact of Just TRAC it! on self-management skills. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial of 16-18 year-olds with heart disease. Participants were randomly allocated 1:1 to either usual care (education session) or intervention (education session including Just TRAC it!). The primary outcome was change in TRANSITION-Q score between baseline, 3 and 6 months. Secondary outcomes were frequency of use and perceived usefulness of Just TRAC it! Analysis was intention-to-treat. RESULTS: We enrolled 68 patients (41% female, mean age 17.3 years), 68% having previous cardiac surgery and 26% had cardiac catheterization. TRANSITION-Q scores were similar at baseline and increased over time in both groups but were not significantly different between groups. Each additional point at the baseline score brought, on average, a 0.7-point increase in TRANSITION-Q score (95% CI 0.5-0.9) at each of 3 and 6 months. The Camera, Calendar and Notes apps were reported as most useful. All intervention participants would recommend Just TRAC it! to others. DISCUSSION: A nurse-led transition teaching with versus without Just TRAC it! improved transition readiness, with no significant difference between groups. Higher baseline TRANSITION-Q scores were associated with greater increase in scores over time. Participants had a positive reception to Just TRAC it! and would recommend it to others. Smartphone technology may be useful in transition education.

[Some memories and possible oversights of my anthropological trajectory]. / Algunos recuerdos y posibles olvidos de mi trayectoria antropológica.

This text is a transcription of the speech delivered by Eduardo L. Menéndez at the ceremony in which he was conferred a Doctorate Honoris Causa by the Universidad Nacional de Lanús on March 27, 2023. The speech covers aspects of his youth and academic career in Argentina, prior to his exile in Mexico in 1976, and reflects on various processes that due to a number of circumstances consciously or unconsciously oriented his field of inquiry and contextualize his theoretical contributions.

Este texto reproduce el discurso pronunciado por Eduardo L. Menéndez, en el marco de la entrega del título de doctor honoris causa, otorgado por la Universidad Nacional de Lanús, el 27 de marzo de 2023. En su discurso recupera su infancia y su trayectoria académica en Argentina, previa a su exilio en México en 1976, y recorre varios procesos que, por diferentes circunstancias, en forma consciente e inconsciente, orientaron su campo de estudio y contextualizan sus explicaciones teóricas.

Association of carotid intima-media thickness with periodontitis may depend on glycemic control.

BACKGROUND: There is evidence indicating that atherosclerosis is associated with periodontitis, especially in those with diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether glycemic control influences such association. METHODS: Cross-sectional data on 214 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus were obtained including results of basic laboratory tests, a periodontal examination, and carotid measurements. The association of periodontal parameters and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) or carotid plaque (CP) was evaluated in subgroups. RESULTS: Mean cIMT was significantly correlated with mean PLI, mean BI or number of PD ≥4 mm in the whole sample and the group with poor glycemic control. In the group with good glycemic control, however, only the number of PD ≥4 mm was associated with mean cIMT. A multiple logistic regression analysis also revealed that each 1 increase in mean PLI, mean BI or number of PD ≥4 mm was correlated with an increased cIMT in the whole sample. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to confirming the relationship between periodontitis and atherosclerosis, our study found a stronger association in groups with poor glycemic control compared to those with good glycemic control, suggesting that blood glucose modifies the association between periodontitis and arterial injury.

Concepções de corpo operadas no campo da Educação Física: uma revisão narrativa / Conceptions of body operated in the field of Physical Education: theoretical essay on its relations with human health / Concepciones del cuerpo operado en el ámbito de la Educación Física: ensayo teórico sobre sus relaciones con la salud humana

Esta revisão narrativa buscou descrever e caracterizar os conceitos de corpo operados no campo da Educação Física brasileira. O material explorado indicou que os conceitos são apropriados de obras clássicas, ramificam-se e representam abordagens teóricas distintas que influenciam os conhecimentos, saberes e práticas. Os conceitos demonstram as divergências e contradições entre a dimensão natural e social, assim como a hegemonia do modelo biomédico no campo. O conceito de práticas corporais tem sido basilar para construir intervenções humanizadas e críticas com sujeitos e comunidades, considerando suas necessidades de saúde (AU).

This narrative review aimed to describe and characterize the concepts of body operated in the field of Brazilian Physical Education. The material explored indicated that the concepts are appropriated from classical works, branch out and represent divergent theoretical approaches that influence knowledge, know-how, and practices. The concepts demonstrate the divergences and contradictions between the natural and social dimensions, as well as the hegemony of the biomedical model in the field. The concept of body practices has been fundamental to build humanized and critical interventions with subjects and communities considering their health needs (AU).

Esta revisión narrativa tuvo como objetivo describir y caracterizar los conceptos de cuerpo operado en el ámbito de la Educación Física brasileña. El material explorado indica que los conceptos se apropian de obras clásicas, se ramifican y representan enfoques teóricos divergentes que influyen en el saber, el saber hacer y las prácticas. Los conceptos demuestran las divergencias y contradicciones entre las dimensiones natural y social, así como la hegemonía del modelo biomédico en el campo. El concepto de prácticas corporales ha sido fundamental para construir intervenciones humanizadas y críticas con individuos y comunidades teniendo en cuenta sus necesidades sanitarias (AU).

Glycemic and Insulin Status in Periodontitis Patients using the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA): A Pilot Study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare insulin status and dysglycemia (prediabetes/diabetes) of patients with chronic (stage III, grade B) or aggressive periodontitis (stage III, grade C) to that of a healthy population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with chronic (CP, n = 16) or aggressive periodontitis (AP, n = 15) and periodontally healthy controls (n = 32) were recruited. Body mass index was calculated. Glycemia, plasma insulin, glycated hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, and lipid levels were measured in fasting. The Homeostasis Model Assessment was used to calculate the insulin sensitivity (HOMA-%S), the beta-cell function (HOMA-%B), and their hyperbolic product (HOMA-%BxS). RESULTS: The CP group showed statistically significantly insulin resistance with a lower HOMA-%S (p = 0.0003) and a reduced HOMA-%BxS (p = 0.049) despite a higher insulin level (p = 0.01) vs the control group, even after BMI adjustment. There was also a trend to dysglycemia (prediabetes/diabetes) in the chronic group. In patients with AP, no abnormalities in insulin status were observed and glycemic levels were comparable with controls. Additionally, patients in both AP and CP groups presented significantly higher CRP levels compared to those of the control group (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Patients with CP showed reduced insulin sensitivity, increased insulin levels but a reduced %BxS product and a trend to dysglycemia. These abnormalities were not observed in AP.

Ways of living and working of Haitian immigrants in Western Paraná/Brazil / Modo de vida y trabajo de inmigrantes haitianos en el oeste de Paraná/Brasil / Modos de vida e trabalho de imigrantes haitianos no Oeste do Paraná/Brasil

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the migratory process, ways of living, and working conditions of Haitians residing in the municipality of Cascavel, Paraná, as well as their impact on health conditions, consumption patterns, and political and ideological life. Method: cross-sectional observational design. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews conducted from December 2019 to December 2020 with 128 participants who were Haitian immigrants residing in the municipality. Simple descriptive statistics were used for the data analysis, and the findings were discussed in conjunction with relevant literature, with the social determination theory serving as a reference. Results: The majority of participants were male 75.0% (n = 96), young adults 71.0% (n = 91), speakers of two or more languages 87.5% (n = 112), catholic 61.7% (n = 79), high school education or higher 57.0% (n = 73). They consider their life and health conditions good but are unsatisfied with the working conditions and salary. Conclusion: Haitian immigrants' arrival facilitation to work in cold stores may indicate labor exploitation of economically and socially vulnerable groups. Immigration policies and the recognition of the educational level of their country of origin may contribute to improving the living condition of this population.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar el proceso migratorio, el modo de vida y el trabajo de haitianos que residen en la ciudad de Cascabel, Paraná y sus expresiones en las condiciones de salud, en las costumbres de consumo y en la vida política e ideológica. Método: Se trata de una investigación observacional transversal, con datos recopilados y sopesados con la literatura pertinente y la teoría de la determinación social. La entrevista semiestructurada se llevó a cabo con 128 participantes, inmigrantes haitianos residentes en el municipio, de diciembre de 2019 a diciembre de 2020. Para el análisis, se utilizó la estadística descriptiva simple. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes eran hombres (75,0%) (n = 96), adultos jóvenes (71,0%) (n = 91), hablaban dos idiomas o más (87,5%) (n = 112), eran católicos (61,7%) (n = 79) y tenían estudios secundarios o terciarios (57,0%) (n = 73). Consideran que sus condiciones de vida y de salud son buenas, pero están insatisfechos con su situación laboral y su salario. Conclusión: La facilitación de la venida de inmigrantes haitianos para trabajar en frigoríficos de la región puede indicar explotación laboral de grupos económica y socialmente vulnerables. Las políticas de integración y el reconocimiento de la escolaridad del país de origen pueden contribuir a mejorar las condiciones de vida de este grupo de inmigrantes.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o processo migratório, os modos de vida e trabalho de haitianos que residem no município de Cascavel-Paraná e suas expressões nas condições de saúde, no padrão de consumo e na vida política e ideológica. Método: Pesquisa observacional transversal. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, de dezembro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020 com 128 participantes, imigrantes haitianos residentes no município. Para análise, utilizou-se estatística descritiva simples, discutidos com a literatura pertinente, tendo como referencial a teoria da determinação social. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes foi da população masculina 75,0% (n = 96), adultos jovens 71,0% (n = 91), falam duas línguas ou mais 87,5% (n = 112), de religião católica 61,7% (n = 79), com escolaridade de nível médio ou acima 57,0% (n = 73). Consideram boas suas condições de vida e saúde, mas estão insatisfeitos com as condições de trabalho e salário. Conclusão: O favorecimento da vinda de imigrantes haitianos para atuarem em frigoríficos da região, pode indicar exploração do trabalho de grupos vulneráveis econômica e socialmente. Políticas de integração e o reconhecimento da formação escolar do país de origem, podem contribuir para melhorar a condição de vida desta população.

Desastre socioambiental de Mariana: implicações nas condições de saúde da população atingida e no processo de trabalho dos serviços de saúde / Mariana socio-environmental disaster: implications for the health conditions of the affected population and the work process of health services

O desastre socioambiental, ocorrido em Mariana, em consequência do rompimento da barragem de Fundão da mineradora Samarco, devastou as comunidades de Bento Rodrigues e de Paracatu de Baixo provocando perdas e danos que podem se desdobrar ao longo do tempo, produzindo efeitos profundos na saúde, no meio ambiente, bem como no contexto de vida e trabalho. Com isso, busca-se analisar o processo saúde-doença e o processo de trabalho nos serviços de saúde destinados à população atingida pelo desastre socioambiental em Mariana. Trata-se de um estudo de caso conduzido pela abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, cujo cenário é Mariana, onde se encontram as comunidades diretamente atingidas pelo rompimento da barragem de rejeito de mineração. As fontes de evidências utilizadas foram documentos de domínio público e entrevistas com profissionais de saúde e gestores. Foram escolhidas intencionalmente a Unidade de Saúde de Bento Rodrigues e o dispositivo Conviver, por atenderem exclusivamente as famílias vítimas do desastre. Participaram da pesquisa onze profissionais de saúde e três gestores. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estratégia de proposições teóricas à luz da teoria de Determinação Social do Processo Saúde-Doença. Os resultados revelaram as implicações do desastre nas condições sociais, econômicas, culturais e sobretudo na saúde da população atingida, com consequências relacionadas aos agravos respiratórios e os ocasionados por veiculação hídrica ou contato com a lama toxica de rejeito, e os casos depressivos e demais transtornos psicossociais que intensificaram o sofrimento crônico da população. Já as implicações do desastre no processo de trabalho nos serviços de atendimento exclusivo aos atingidos, evidenciam uma (re)organização do sistema de saúde, o qual enfrentou dificuldades estruturais tanto na fase emergencial quanto de recuperação pós-desastre. Destaca-se que embora os instrumentos do processo de trabalho utilizados pelos profissionais de saúde e gestores, são capazes de acolher, estimular práticas mais integradas e que transcendem a intervenção apenas nos corpos biológicos, ainda assim não são capazes de suprir as necessidades mediadas de saúde dos atingidos, não promovendo respostas às necessidades políticas, sociais e econômicas no que tange à reparação, à indenização e os direitos da população atingida.

The socio-environmental disaster that occurred in Mariana, because of the collapse of the Samarco mining company's Fundão dam, devastated the communities of Bento Rodrigues and Paracatu de Baixo, causing losses and damages that can unfold over time, producing profound effects on health, in the environment, as well as in the context of life and work. With this, we seek to analyze the health-disease process and the work process in health services intended for the population affected by the socio-environmental disaster in Mariana. This is a case study conducted using a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory approach, whose setting is Mariana, where the communities directly affected by the collapse of the mining tailings dam are located. The sources of evidence used were public domain documents and interviews with health professionals and managers. The Bento Rodrigues Health Unit and the Conviver device were intentionally chosen, as they exclusively serve families who were victims of the disaster. Eleven health professionals and three managers participated in the research. The data were analyzed using the strategy of theoretical propositions in light of the theory of Social Determination of the HealthDisease Process. The results revealed the implications of the disaster on social, economic, cultural conditions and above all on the health of the affected population, with consequences related to respiratory problems and those caused by water transport or contact with toxic waste sludge, and depressive cases and other disorders, psychosocial problems that intensified the chronic suffering of the population. The implications of the disaster on the work process in services providing exclusive care to those affected highlight a (re) organization of the health system, which faced structural difficulties in both the emergency and postdisaster recovery phases. It is noteworthy that although the work process instruments used by health professionals and managers are capable of welcoming and stimulating more integrated practices, that transcend intervention only in biological bodies, they are still not capable of meeting mediated health needs of those affected, failing to promote responses to political, social and economic needs in terms of reparation, compensation and the rights of the affected population.

Aspectos da primeira infância: etapa elementar para o desenvolvimento humano / Aspects of early childhood: a fundamental stage for human development

A presente pesquisa abrange a linha de cuidado materno-infantil. Analisar as associações entre as alterações no crescimento e desenvolvimento e suas possíveis causas. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido no período de janeiro a dezembro do ano de 2019, no Município de Três Passos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa do tipo documental, aplicando-se em 160 prontuários de crianças atendidas em consulta de puericultura. No que se refere a consulta de puericultura voltada às crianças acima de 2 (dois) anos, 157 (98,1%) contaram com um peso acima de 9.000 (nove) kg, em contrapartida 160 (100%) apresentaram escore não aplicável como também 157 (98,1%) evidenciaram comprimento que não se aplicou e 158 (98,7%) percentil do comprimento, relacionando assim com a ausência de informação da idade. Sendo assim, as crianças do município de Três Passos, apresentaram aspectos que vem ao encontro de um desenvolvimento da primeira infância preconizado para este grupo.

The present study covers the maternal-infant care line. The present study analyzes the associations between changes in growth and development and their possible causes and was carried out from January to December 2019, in the municipality of Três Passos. This is a quantitative documentary study, using 160 medical records of children seen in childcare consultations. Regarding the childcare consultation aimed at children over 2 (two) years old, 157 (98.1%) weighed more than 9.0 (nine) kg. On the other hand, 160 (100%) did not report weight percentiles, and 157 (98.1%) had no length reported, and 158 (98.7%) had no percentile of length reported as well as the absence of age information. Thus, the children of the city of Três Passos presented aspects that are in line with early childhood development standards recommended for this group.

As informações sobre os direitos sociais estão acessíveis aos pacientes oncológicos? / Is information on social rights accessible to cancer patients? / ¿Es accesible la información de los derechos sociales para los pacientes con cáncer?

A legislação brasileira assegura aos pacientes com câncer direitos que auxiliam no tratamento e atenuam os gastos despendidos na jornada de adoecimento. O objetivo do estudo foi calcular a proporção de indivíduos em tratamento oncológico de um centro de referência do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) que referiram conhecer 15 direitos específicos previstos em lei, segundo o subgrupo populacional elegível para solicitar cada direito. Foram entrevistados todos os pacientes oncológicos adultos em início de tratamento no Hospital Associação Feminina de Prevenção e Combate ao Câncer de Juiz de Fora (ASCOMCER), Minas Gerais, entre março e julho de 2022 (n = 62). Cerca de 60% desses pacientes eram analfabetos ou não tinham completado o ensino fundamental, aproximadamente 75% viviam em domicílios em que a renda per capita era de no máximo um salário mínimo e 91,9% eram atendidos pelo SUS. Para nove dos 15 direitos selecionados, a proporção de pacientes elegíveis foi superior a 10%, variando de 17,7% para "saque do Fundo de Garantia por Tempo de Serviço (FGTS)" a 100% para "prioridade na tramitação de processos". No entanto, o único desses direitos conhecido por pelo menos 50% dos pacientes elegíveis foi o "auxílio-doença" (70,6%), sendo que para três direitos as respectivas proporções não chegaram a 5% (isenção de imposto sobre propriedade predial e territorial urbana, isenção do imposto de renda na aposentadoria, pensão e reforma e prioridade na tramitação de processos). Os pacientes oncológicos necessitam ter seus cuidados integrais fortalecidos. Dessa forma, é fundamental aumentar o acesso à informação sobre os benefícios que eles podem obter de um Estado democrático de direito.

Brazilian legislation provides for rights for cancer patients in order to assist with their treatment and mitigate the expenses they face during their illness. This study aimed to calculate the proportion of individuals undergoing cancer treatment at a Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS) referral center who reported being aware of 15 specific legal rights, according to the population subgroup eligible to request each right. All adult cancer patients starting treatment at the Juiz de Fora Women's Association for Preventing and Fighting Cancer Hospital (ASCOMCER), Minas Gerais State, from March to July 2022, were interviewed (n = 62). About 60% of these patients had incomplete primary education or were illiterate, around 75% lived in households with a per capita income below one minimum wage, and 91.9% received treatment from the SUS. For nine of the 15 selected rights, the proportion of eligible patients was higher than 10%, ranging from 17.7% for "Withdrawal from the Severance Pay Fund (FGTS)" to 100% for "priority in the processing of procedures". However, the only one of these rights known to at least 50% of eligible patients was "sickness benefit" (70.6%). The respective proportions were below 5% in three rights, including "exemption from property tax", "exemption from income tax on retirement, pension, and retirement", and "priority in the processing of cases". Cancer patients need to have their comprehensive care strengthened. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance the availability of information regarding the benefits cancer patients may receive from a democratic state that respects the rule of law.

La legislación brasileña garantiza a los pacientes con cáncer derechos que les ayudan en el tratamiento y mitigan los gastos que tienen a lo largo de la enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio fue calcular la proporción de individuos sometidos al tratamiento oncológico en un centro de referencia del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) brasileño que informaron conocer 15 derechos específicos previstos por la ley, según el subgrupo de población elegible para solicitar cada derecho. Se entrevistó a todos los pacientes adultos con cáncer que comenzaron el tratamiento en el Hospital Asociación de Mujeres para la Prevención y Lucha contra el Cáncer de Juiz de Fora (ASCOMCER), Minas Gerais, entre marzo y julio de 2022 (n = 62). Cerca del 60% de estos pacientes eran analfabetos o no habían completado la escuela primaria, aproximadamente el 75% vivía en hogares con ingreso per cápita de un salario mínimo y el 91,9% eran tratados por el SUS. Para 9 de los 15 derechos seleccionados, la proporción de pacientes elegibles para ellos fue superior al 10%, oscilando del 17,7% para el "retirada del Fondo de Garantía por Duración del Servicio" al 100% para "prioridad en la tramitación de procedimientos". Sin embargo, de estos derechos el único conociodo por al menos el 50% de los pacientes elegibles conocía fue el "beneficio por enfermedad" (70,6%), y en 3 derechos las proporciones respectivas no alcanzaron ni siquiera el 5% ("exención del impuesto sobre bienes inmuebles y territorial urbano", "exención del impuesto sobre la renta por jubilación, pensión y retiro" y "prioridad en la tramitación de procedimientos"). Los pacientes con cáncer requieren el fortalecimiento de una atención integral. Por lo tanto, es esencial incrementar el acceso a la información sobre los beneficios que los pacientes con cáncer pueden obtener de un Estado de derecho democrático.